OEM fault-code index 17,105 model-code entries · 132 manual P/Ns
Powersports DTCOEM fault-code library

Reference

FMI reference: what the failure mode identifier adds to an SPN

The FMI is the second number in an SPN/FMI pair. This page lists the common 0-31 meanings, the values printed outside that range, and how often each FMI appears in the archive.

Published by Azmi Mhamed · Sources and data

Data updated 2026-10-23 · 17,105 model-code entries · 746 SPN/FMI pairs · Report a correction

How to read an FMI

An SPN/FMI pair carries two different pieces of information. The SPN identifies the parameter being watched. The FMI identifies the failure mode for that parameter. In a printed pair such as SPN 110 / FMI 3, the FMI is the second number. It is not a severity score by itself, and it is not a part number.

The common SAE-style table defines values 0 through 31. Many values describe a circuit condition: voltage above or below normal, current below or above normal, an open circuit, or a ground. Others describe a signal problem (erratic, wrong frequency, wrong update rate, wrong rate of change), a mechanical problem, a calibration problem, or a condition that simply exists. The table below keeps that common wording separate from the OEM label.

The archive uses the common wording as a reading aid only. A manufacturer can use an FMI in a narrower way, and the printed label is the authoritative description for that table. FMI 31 is the clearest example: the common table says “condition exists,” while the OEM label may name a specific protection, a derate, or a module state.

What the distribution shows

16,043 of 17,105 collected entries carry an FMI value. Those entries collapse to 746 distinct SPN/FMI pairs across 322 SPNs. The most frequent values in this archive are FMI 3 (3,357 entries), FMI 4 (3,256 entries), FMI 31 (1,719 entries), FMI 5 (1,483 entries), FMI 2 (1,427 entries). That ranking describes the manuals collected here; it is not a claim about how often a fault occurs on a machine.

Values 24 through 30 do not appear in the current data. Values 22 and 23 do appear even though the common table marks them reserved, and values 36 and 37 appear outside the common 0-31 range. The archive keeps those rows because a source printed them. The printed OEM label, not the common table, is the useful description for those values.

FMICommon meaningEntriesDistinct SPNsModelsArchive note
0 Data valid but above the normal operating range (most severe) 629 30 118 Common table meaning
1 Data valid but below the normal operating range (most severe) 246 22 56 Common table meaning
2 Data erratic, intermittent, or incorrect 1,427 59 121 Common table meaning
3 Voltage above normal, or shorted to high source 3,357 114 121 Common table meaning
4 Voltage below normal, or shorted to low source 3,256 118 120 Common table meaning
5 Current below normal, or open circuit 1,483 70 123 Common table meaning
6 Current above normal, or grounded circuit 226 23 100 Common table meaning
7 Mechanical system not responding or out of adjustment 341 17 114 Common table meaning
8 Abnormal frequency, pulse width, or period 250 7 111 Common table meaning
9 Abnormal update rate 194 15 50 Common table meaning
10 Abnormal rate of change 284 16 101 Common table meaning
11 Root cause not known 219 16 78 Common table meaning
12 Bad intelligent device or component 511 32 98 Common table meaning
13 Out of calibration 251 11 101 Common table meaning
14 Special instructions 33 4 30 Common table meaning
15 Data valid but above the normal operating range (least severe) 311 19 55 Common table meaning
16 Data valid but above the normal operating range (moderate severity) 446 23 117 Common table meaning
17 Data valid but below the normal operating range (least severe) 283 19 55 Common table meaning
18 Data valid but below the normal operating range (moderate severity) 226 16 67 Common table meaning
19 Received network data in error 240 11 98 Common table meaning
20 Data drifted high 27 3 17 Common table meaning
21 Data drifted low 16 2 16 Common table meaning
22 Reserved in the common SAE table 16 4 16 Reserved value used by a source
23 Reserved in the common SAE table 21 4 15 Reserved value used by a source
24 Reserved in the common SAE table 0 0 0 No entries in this archive
25 Reserved in the common SAE table 0 0 0 No entries in this archive
26 Reserved in the common SAE table 0 0 0 No entries in this archive
27 Reserved in the common SAE table 0 0 0 No entries in this archive
28 Reserved in the common SAE table 0 0 0 No entries in this archive
29 Reserved in the common SAE table 0 0 0 No entries in this archive
30 Reserved in the common SAE table 0 0 0 No entries in this archive
31 Condition exists 1,719 88 118 Manufacturer-specific condition
36 Printed outside the common 0-31 table; source-specific 15 1 15 Outside the common range
37 Printed outside the common 0-31 table; source-specific 16 2 16 Outside the common range

Counts are model-code rows in the current dataset. A single SPN/FMI key can appear in several model-year tables, so the entry count is larger than the key count.

Representative entries

Each row below is one observed entry for that FMI, chosen only to show the label style and a page where the value appears. It is not a recommendation for a machine or a statement that the example applies to every model.

FMIExample printed labelExample modelPage
0 ECU Output Supply Voltage 1 - Data Valid But Above Normal Operational Range - Most Severe Level 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
1 ECU Output Supply Voltage 1 - Data Valid But Below Normal Operational Range - Most Severe Level 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
2 Accelerator Position 1 - Data Erratic, Intermittent Or Incorrect 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
3 Accelerator Position 1 - Voltage Above Normal, Or Shorted To High Source 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
4 Accelerator Position 1 - Voltage Below Normal, Or Shorted To Low Source 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
5 All Wheel Drive Control Circuit - Current Below Normal Or Open Circuit 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
6 Steering Excessive Current Error - Current Above Normal Or Grounded Circuit 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
7 Engine Speed - Mechanical System Not Responding Or Out Of Adjustment 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
8 Crankshaft Position Sensor - Abnormal Frequency Or Pulse Width Or Period 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
9 CAN Message PGN 61445 - Abnormal Update Rate 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
10 Engine Temperature Sensor - Abnormal Rate Of Change 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
11 Absolute Shock Current Error - Front Left (Turbo S only) - Root Cause Not Known 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
12 ECU Memory - Bad Intelligent Device Or Component 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
13 Absolute Position Sensor - Absolute Position Sensor Not Calibrated 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
14 Rollover Sensor (Tipover) - Special Instructions 2021 Ranger 150 EFI Open page
15 Adaptive Fuel Correction Bank 1 - Data Valid But Above Normal Operating Range - Least Severe 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
16 ECU Output Supply Voltage 1 - Data Valid But Above Normal Operating Range - Moderately Severe Level 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
17 Adaptive Fuel Correction Bank 1 - Data Valid But Below Normal Operating Range - Least Severe 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
18 ECU Output Supply Voltage 1 - Data Valid But Below Normal Operating Range - Moderately Severe Level 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
19 Engine Speed - Received Network Data In Error 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
20 Vehicle Speed Data - Data Drifted High 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
21 Vehicle Speed Sensor - Data Drifted Low 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
22 PTO Detonation 2022 PRO-RMK / RMK KHAOS Open page
23 EPS Calibration CRC error 2022 RZR Pro R / Turbo R Open page
31 Absolute Position Sensor - Absolute Position Sensor Out of Range 2020 RZR XP Turbo S / Turbo S4 Velocity Open page
36 Regulator: Stator Output Low 2022 600 Matryx Indy Cross Country Open page
37 Regulator: Stator Open Circuit 2022 600 Matryx Indy Cross Country Open page

What the FMI does not tell you

An FMI does not identify a failed part, a repair, or a safe operating limit. A voltage-high FMI can come from a sensor circuit, a connector, a supply, or the controller’s interpretation. The archive keeps the OEM label and the source record so a reader can compare the exact wording instead of treating the generic FMI as a diagnosis.

Use the model-year page for the table that matches a machine, and use the code index when only a code or a phrase is known. The FMI guide explains the same values in narrative form; this page is the table-first reference.

Related reference

Code indexEvery SPN/FMI, P-code, and manufacturer label key in one table. Label varianceKeys that carry more than one printed description. Model-year changesWhich model families reuse a table and which years differ. FMI glossary entryA short definition and links to the wider vocabulary.

Browse by system

An FMI can appear in any controller family. These system hubs follow the same failure-mode vocabulary across the engine, electrical, sensor, steering, brake, and drivetrain tables.

Fuel and airFuel delivery, throttle, intake, boost, and emissions · 400 code keysIgnitionSpark, coils, misfire, knock, and engine speed · 100 code keysSensorsTemperature, pressure, position, speed, and switches · 528 code keysElectricalPower, charging, relays, drivers, modules, and body outputs · 562 code keysCommunication / CANCAN buses, messages, PGNs, and lost-module rows · 46 code keysEPSElectric power steering and steering-angle rows · 104 code keysBrakes / ABSBrake switches, wheel speed, ABS, and descent control · 37 code keysTransmission / driveGear, clutch, AWD, differential, and traction rows · 109 code keys